A charismatic species associated with high听elevations,听this mountain bluebird specimen was collected in Colorado Springs in 1898 (that鈥檚 123 years ago!).听听
Male mountain bluebirds are cloaked in a striking cerulean plumage, while females are colored an ashy grey with only a hint of blue tinting their wings. Many species of birds exhibit sexual dimorphism (Greek for 鈥渢wo forms鈥�), where males and females appear different听in regards to听plumage or size 鈥� a common example being mallard ducks. Plumage often plays a large role in sexual selection: the more flamboyantly colored or decorated male鈥檚 feathers can communicate his relative fitness to potential mates, while cryptic browns and greys camouflage nesting females (and their broods) from predators. Interestingly, research indicates that female mountain bluebirds are not swayed by bold hues as much as by real estate, favoring a mate based on his ability to scout out quality nesting sites, usually inside a cozy tree cavity.听听
The brilliant blue plumage exhibited by this specimen is not determined by pigments at all, but rather from the play of light on the microanatomy of feathers, to produce what is known as听structural color. Iridescence* is a result of structural color, scattering light like a prism and absorbing all wavelengths other than the color perceived (blue in this case). Blue pigmentation is incredibly rare in nature, and therefore the blues witnessed in bluebirds, blue jays, indigo buntings, peacocks, and even blue morpho butterflies are all an effect of this optical illusion. Unlike pigments, structural colors do not fade over听time or with exposure to light, and as a result, our 122-year-old mountain bluebird doesn鈥檛 look a day older than he did at the turn of the 20th听century.听
*If you鈥檇 like to learn more about iridescence in a family-friendly way, please check out our听iridescence video and activity听here.听
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Collect Date: May 2, 1898
Locality: Colorado, El Paso County, Colorado Springs
Collector: Charles E. Aiken